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Internal Medicine Medical Terminology
abscess - A collection of pus in any part of the body that, in most cases, causes swelling and inflammation around it.
achondroplasia - A disorder of bone growth that causes the most common type of dwarfism.
acidosis - A condition in which there is too much acid in the body fluids
acoustic neuroma - A slow-growing tumor of the nerve that connects the ear to the brain.
acute monocytic leukemia (AML) - Leukemia that affects only the white cells that are monocytes
acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) - A form of myeloid leukemia affecting myeloblasts
acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) -Life-threatening disease in which the cells that normally develop into neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes become cancerous and rapidly replace normal cells in the bone marrow.
Addison's disease - A disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of their hormones
adenine - A purine base that is a component of DNA and RNA
adenitis - An inflammation of a gland or lymph node.
adenoma - A benign tumor
adenopathy - Large or swollen lymph nodes
adrenal cortex - Cortical part of the adrenal gland
adrenal gland - Endocrine glands that sit atop the kidneys.
adrenaline - A hormone produced in high-stress situations
aglutition - Inability to swallow
akathisia - Restless leg syndrome
alcoholism - Alcoholism is when you have signs of physical addiction to alcohol and continues to drink, despite problems with physical health, mental health, and social, family, and job responsibilities.
alkaloid - A group of naturally occurring chemical compounds that contain mostly basic nitrogen atoms
alkalosis - A condition in which the body fluids have excess base
alopecia - Loss of hair from the head or body
Alzheimer's diseaseOne form of dementia that gradually gets worse over time.
amino acid - Amino acids are molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group, and a side-chain that is specific to each amino acid
anaphylactic shock - A widespread and very serious allergic reaction
anaphylaxis - A serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and can be fatal
Anders' diseaseA disease accompanied by painful localized fatty swellings and by various nerve lesions
androgen - The generic term for any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of male characteristics
anemia - A condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells.
angina pectoris - Commonly known as angina, is chest pain due to ischemia (a lack of blood, thus a lack of oxygen supply and waste removal) of the heart muscle, generally due to obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries (the heart's blood vessels).[
angiosarcoma (AS) - An uncommon malignant neoplasms characterized by rapidly proliferating, extensively infiltrating anaplastic cells derived from blood vessels and lining irregular blood-filled spaces.
ankylosing spondylitis - A long-term disease that causes inflammation of the joints between the spinal bones, and the joints between the spine and pelvis
anomaly - A deviation from normal especially of a bodily part
anorexia nervosa - An eating disorder that makes people lose more weight than is considered healthy for their age and height.
antibiotic - A type of drug resistance where a microorganism is able to survive exposure to an antibiotic.
antibody - A large Y-shaped protein produced by B-cells that is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses.
antigen - A substance that evokes the production of one or more antibodies
antihistamine - Antihistamines are medicines that can be used to relieve severe itching and help break this cycle.
antrum - A general term for a cavity or chamber which may have specific meaning in reference to certain organs or sites in the body.
aphasia - An impairment of language ability
aphthous ( Aphthous ulcer) - A canker sore
apnea - A term for suspension of external breathing.
appendicitis - Swelling (inflammation) of the appendix
arthritis - An inflammation of one or more joints
ataxia - A neurological sign consisting of lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements, as in walking
atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) - The most common cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heart beat).
Babinski's reflex - An extension of the great toe, sometimes with fanning of the other toes, in response to stroking of the sole of the foot.
Babinski's sign - An important neurologic examination based upon what the big toe does when the sole of the foot is stimulated.
bacteremia - The presence of bacteria in the blood
bacteriuria - The presence of bacteria in urine not due to contamination from urine sample collection.
bilirubinemia - The presence of excess bilirubin in the blood.
bilirubinuria - An abnormality where conjugated bilirubin is detected in the urine.
biofeedback - The process of becoming aware of various physiological functions using instruments that provide information on the activity of those same systems, with a goal of being able to manipulate them at will
blastomycosis - A rare infection that may develop when people breathe in (inhale) a fungus called Blastomyces dermatitidis, which is found in wood and soil.
botulism - A rare but serious illness caused by Clostridium botulinum bacteria.
bradykinesia - Slowness of movement and is one of the cardinal manifestations of Parkinson's disease.
bronchiectasis - Destruction and widening of the large airways.
bronchiolitis - Swelling and mucus buildup in the smallest air passages in the lungs (bronchioles), usually due to a viral infection.
bronchitis - An inflammation of the main air passages to the lungs.
bronchopneumonia - A breathing (respiratory) condition in which there is an infection of the lung.
bronchospasm - A bronchial spasm is a sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles.
bruit - The term for the unusual sound that blood makes when it rushes past an obstruction (called turbulent flow) in an artery when the sound is auscultated with the bell portion of a stethoscope.
bulimia - An illness in which a person binges on food or has regular episodes of overeating and feels a loss of control.
bullous - Characterized by blisters or bullae on the skin.
cachexia/ wasting syndrome - Loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight.
cafe` au lait spots - These flat patches on the skin can range in color from beige (coffee with a lot of milk) to light brown (coffee with a touch of milk).
calculus - A concretion formed in any part of the body
campylobacter ('twisted bacteria') - A genus of bacteria that are Gram-negative, spiral, and microaerophilic.
candida - A genus of yeasts
candidiasis/thrush - A fungal infection (mycosis) of any of the Candida species (all yeasts), of which Candida albicans is the most common
carcinogen -
Any substance, radionuclide, or radiation that is an agent directly involved in causing cancer
carcinoid - A group of symptoms associated with carcinoid tumors -- tumors of the small intestine, colon, appendix, and bronchial tubes in the lungs.
carcinoma/cancer - The uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body
cellulitis - A common skin infection caused by bacteria
cephalalgia - Headache, pain in the region of the head or neck
cheilitis - A medical condition involving inflammation of the lip
cheilosis - A disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth; caused by a deficiency of riboflavin
chemotherapy - The treatment of cancer with an antineoplastic drug or with a combination of such drugs into a standardized treatment regimen
chickenpox - A viral infection in which a person develops extremely itchy blisters all over the body.
chlamydia - Sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis
cholecystectomy - The surgical removal of the gallbladder
cholecystitis - An inflammation of the gallbladder
cholera - An infection of the small intestine that causes a large amount of watery diarrhea.
chromosome - An organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells.
cirrhosis - Scarring of the liver and poor liver function
claudication/limping - A medical term usually referring to impairment in walking, or pain, discomfort or tiredness in the legs that occurs during walking and is relieved by rest
coccidioidomycosis/ valley fever - A fungal disease caused by Coccidioides immitis or C. posadasii.
colic - A condition in which an otherwise healthy baby cries or displays symptoms of distress (cramping, moaning, etc.) frequently and for extended periods, without any discernible reason.
colitis - Swelling (inflammation) of the large intestine (colon).
condyloma acuminata - Genital warts
cor pulmonale - A failure of the right side of the heart brought on by long-term high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries and right ventricle of the heart.
corpus luteum - Left of the follicle after a woman ovulates.
Crohn's disease - A form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
cryosurgery/ cryotherapy - The application of extreme cold to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue.
cushingoid - An adjective used to suggest that a person has the symptoms of Cushing's disease.
Cushing's disease - A condition in which the pituitary gland releases too much adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
degenerative arthritis/osteoarthritis - A joint disease caused by cartilage loss in a joint.
dehydration -Dehydration means your body does not have as much water and fluids as it should.
dementia - A loss of brain function that occurs with certain diseases
dermatofibroma - A benign skin growths, found especially on the legs.
detoxification - The physiological or medicinal removal of toxic substances from a living organism
differentiated -
The process by which cells become progressively more specialized
digestion - The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller components that are more easily absorbed into a blood stream
diphtheria - An acute infectious disease caused by the bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
diuresis - Urine production, as an aspect of fluid balance
diverticulitis - Small, bulging sacs or pouches of the inner lining of the intestine (diverticulosis) that become inflamed or infected
diverticulum - An outpouching of a hollow (or a fluid-filled) structure in the body.
duodenal ulcer/peptic ulcer - The lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine, an area called the duodenum
duodenitis - An inflammation of the duodenum
dyspareunia - Painful sexual intercourse, due to medical or psychological causes.
dyspepsia - Upset stomach or indigestion
dysphagia - Difficulty in swallowing
dyspnea - Shortness of breath (SOB)
eczema/ atopic dermatitis - A long-term (chronic) skin disorder that involves scaly and itchy rashes.
edema - Swelling caused by fluid in your body's tissues.
effusion - The escape of a fluid from anatomical vessels by rupture or exudation
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) - A group of inherited connective tissue disorders, caused by a defect in the synthesis of collagen
electrocautery - An apparatus for surgical dissection and hemostasis, using heat generated by a high-voltage, high-frequency alternating current passed through an electrode.
electrolytes - Any substance containing free ions that make the substance electrically conductive
emboli - plural of embolism
embolism - An obstruction in a blood vessel due to a blood clot or other foreign matter that gets stuck while traveling through the bloodstream.
embolus - A mass, such as an air bubble, detached blood clot, or foreign body, that travels in the bloodstream and lodges in a blood vessel, thus serving to obstruct or occlude such a vessel.
emesis - The act or process of vomiting.
encapsulated - Enclosed by a protective coating or membrane
encephalitis - An inflammation of the brain
encephalopathy - Any degenerative disease of the brain, often associated with toxic conditions
endarterectomySurgical excision of the inner lining of an artery that is clogged with atherosclerotic buildup.
endarteritis - Inflammation of the inner lining of an artery.
endoscopy - An instrument for examining visually the interior of a bodily canal or a hollow organ such as the colon, bladder, or stomach.
epidermal - Of or relating to a cuticle or cuticula
epidermis - The outer, protective, nonvascular layer of the skin of vertebrates, covering the dermis.
epididymis - A long, narrow, convoluted tube, part of the spermatic duct system, that lies on the posterior aspect of each testicle, connecting it to the vas deferens.
epididymitis - Inflammation of the epididymis, one of the common results of gonorrhea.
epigastric - The upper middle region of the abdomen.
epistaxis - A nosebleed.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)/ human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4) - A virus of the herpes family and is one of the most common viruses in humans. It is best known as the cause of infectious mononucleosis
erythema - Redness of the skin
erythema annulare - A descriptive term for a skin lesion
erythema multiforme - A skin condition of unknown cause
erythema nodosum - An inflammation of the fat cells under the skin
erythematous - Redness of the skin caused by dilatation and congestion of the capillaries, often a sign of inflammation or infection.
eschar - Piece of dead tissue that is cast off from the surface of the skin, particularly after a burn injury, but also seen in gangrene, ulcer, fungal infections, necrotizing spider bite wounds, and exposure to cutaneous anthrax.
euthyroid - The state of having normal thyroid gland function
exanthem - A widespread rash usually occurring in children.
facies - Distinctive facial expressions associated with specific medical conditions.
familial - Tending to occur in more members of a family than expected by chance alone
fasciitis - An inflammation of the fascia
fever - A medical condition with high temperature
folliculitis - An inflammation of one or more hair follicles
foot and mouth disease/ hoof-and-mouth disease - A high fever caused by virus for two or three days, followed by blisters inside the mouth and on the feet that may rupture and cause lameness.
gallbladder - A small organ that aids mainly in fat digestion and concentrates bile produced by the liver
gallstones - Hard, pebble-like deposits that form inside the gallbladder
Gardnerella - The most common bacterial vaginal infections to afflict women of child-bearing age,
gastrointestinal - The structures from the mouth to the anus
Gilbert's diseaseThe most common hereditary cause of increased bilirubin
goiter - A swelling in the thyroid gland
gout - A kind of arthritis that occurs when uric acid builds up in blood and causes joint inflammation
Graves' disease - An autoimmune disease where the thyroid is overactive, producing an excessive amount of thyroid hormones
haemophilus - A genus of Gram-negative, pleomorphic, coccobacilli bacteria.
Hashimoto's disease/ chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis - An autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland is attacked by a variety of cell- and antibody-mediated immune processes
hemangiosarcoma - A rare, rapidly growing, highly invasive variety of cancer
hematoma - A localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels, usually in liquid form within the tissue
heme - blood
Hemoccult test - A qualitative test for hidden blood in the stool, based upon detecting the peroxidase activity of hemoglobin.
hemophilia - A group of bleeding disorders in which it takes a long time for the blood to clot.
hemostasis - A process which causes bleeding to stop
hepatitis - Swelling and inflammation of the liver
herpes - A type of virus
hilar - The scar on a seed, such as a bean, indicating the point of attachment to the funiculus
HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus
Hodgkin's disease, lymphoma - A cancer of lymph tissue found in the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, and other sites
Homans' sign - A sign of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
hydrocephalus - A buildup of fluid inside the skull that leads to brain swelling.
hydrophobia - An abnormal fear of water
hypercholesterolemia - A condition characterized by very high levels of cholesterol in the blood.
hyperemia - The increase of blood flow to different tissues in the body
hyperglobulinemia - A condition characterized by abnormally large amounts of globulins in the blood.
hyperhidrosis - A medical condition in which a person sweats excessively and unpredictably.
hyperimmunoglobulinemia - Abnormally high levels of immunoglobulins in the serum.
hyperkalemia - Higher-than-normal levels of potassium in the blood.
hyperkeratosis - Thickening of the stratum corneum, often associated with a qualitative abnormality of the keratin
hyperkinesia/ hyperkinesis - An increase in muscular activity that can result in excessive abnormal movements, excessive normal movements, or a combination of both
hyperplasia - Increase in number of cells
hyperpnea - An increased depth of breathing when required to meet metabolic demand of body tissues
Icteric - Affected by jaundice
Icterus - Jaundice
impetigo - An infectious disease affecting the skin
In vitro - In an artificial environment outside the living organism
infectious - Able to spread from person to person
intertrigo - An inflammation (rash) of the body folds (adjacent areas of skin).
intravenous - Into a vein
invasive - Requiring the entry of a needle
ionizing - The process of converting an atom or molecule into an ion by adding or removing charged particles such as electrons or ions
iritis/ uveitis - Swelling and irritation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye.
jaundice - Skin condition turning skin and eyes yellow
jejunoileitis - An inflammation of the jejunum and the ileum
Kaposi's sarcoma - A cancerous tumor of the connective tissue, and is often associated with AIDS.
Kerning's sign - In meningitis, inability to completely extend the leg when sitting or lying with the thigh flexed upon the abdomen; when in dorsal decubitus position, the leg can be easily and completely extended.
klebsiella - A genus of non-motile, Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, rod-shaped bacteria with a prominent polysaccharide-based capsule
kyphosis - A curving of the spine that causes a bowing or rounding of the back, which leads to a hunchback or slouching posture
lactase - An intestinal enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose
lactobacillus - Bacterium producing lactic acid
leukemia - A type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells called "blasts".
leukocytosis - A condition characterized by an elevated number of white cells in the blood.
leukoplakia - Patches on the tongue, in the mouth, or on the inside of the cheek that occur in response to long-term irritation
lupus - A long-term autoimmune disorder that may affect the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs
lyme disease - A bacterial infection spread through the bite of the blacklegged tick
lymphadenia - Hypertrophy of lymph nodes.
lymphoma - Any neoplastic disorder of lymphoid tissue
macrocytosis - The presence of unusually large numbers of macrocytes in the blood
malaise - A vague feeling of discomfort
mammary - Pertaining to the mammary gland, or breast.
mastoid - breast-shaped.
meningitis - An inflammation of the meninges
meningococcal - Bacterium causing meningitis
metaplasia - The transformation of one type of one mature differentiated cell type into another mature differentiated cell type
microcythemia - The presence of abnormally small red blood cells in the blood
microcytic anemia - A generic term for any type of anemia characterized by small red blood cells.
microlithiasis - The formation of minute concretions in an organ.
molluscum contagiosum - A viral skin infection that causes raised, pearl-like papules or nodules on the skin.
mononuclear - Having only one nucleus
morbidity - The rate of incidence of a disease
morbilliform - A rash that looks like measles
mucosa - Moist tissue that lines certain parts of the inside of your body, including your nose, mouth
myelitis - A disease involving inflammation of the spinal cord, which disrupts central nervous system functions linking the brain and limbs
myelocytoma - A malignant tumor formed by the cells of the bone marrow
myringitis - An inflammation of tympanic membrane
myxomatosis - A disease that affects rabbits and is caused by the Myxoma virus
necrosis - The premature death of cells in living tissue
neoplasm - A tumor
nephritis - An inflammation of the nephrons in the kidneys
nephrocarcinoma - Renal cell cancer
neuroma - A growth or tumor of nerve tissue
osteoma - A new piece of bone usually growing on another piece of bone
pallor - A pale color which can be caused by illness, emotional shock or stress, stimulant use, or anemia.
pancreatic - Relating to or involving the pancreas.
pannus - A medical term for an abnormal layer of fibrovascular tissue or granulation tissue.
Pap smear (Papanicolaou smear) - A screening test used to detect potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the endocervical canal (transformation zone) of the female reproductive system.
papillary - resembling a papilla, or nipple.
papilledema - An optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure.
parathyroid gland - Small endocrine glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) - Attacks of severe shortness of breath and coughing
peripheral - away from the center
photocoagulation - The coagulation (clotting) of tissue using a laser which produces light in the visible green wavelength that is selectively absorbed by hemoglobin
pityriasis rosea - A common type of skin rash seen in young adults.
platelet/ thrombocytes - Small piece of a cell in your blood that helps it to clot
pleuritic - Pertaining to a condition of pleurisy (an inflammation of the membrane that surrounds and protects the lungs)
Plummer's disease/ toxic nodular goiter - A form of toxic goiter that leads to hyperthyroidism
pneumonia - A breathing (respiratory) condition in which there is an infection of the lung.
pneumothorax/collapsed lungs - The collection of air in the space around the lungs.
polydysplasia - Abnormal development in several types of tissue
polyphagia - excessive hunger, increased appetite
polypus - Small lump growing inside hollow organs
proctitis - An inflammation of the rectum that causes discomfort, bleeding, and occasionally, a discharge of mucus or pus
progestin - Oral contraceptives are used to prevent pregnancy
prostaglandin - Any member of a group of lipid compounds that are derived enzymatically from fatty acids and have important functions in the animal body.
protein - A biochemical compound consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function.
proteinuria - The presence of an excess of serum proteins in the urine
pruritus - An itchiness
pseudomonas - A genus belonging to the family Pseudomonadineae
psoriasis - A medical condition that involving red and dry skin
psoriatic arthritis - A type of arthritis that often occurs with psoriasis of the skin.
psychogenic - Having an emotional or psychologic origin
pterygium - A non-cancerous growth of the clear, thin tissue (conjunctiva) that lays over the white part of the eye (sclera).
purpura - The appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure
pyogenic abscess - A pus-filled area in the liver
radiation - A process in which energetic particles or energetic waves travel through a medium or space
radiotherapy/radiation therapy - The treatment of cancer and other diseases with ionizing radiation
Reiter's disease/reactive arthritis - An inflammation in joints after an infection in some other part of the body
reticular - netlike
reticulocytopenia/ aplastic crisis - The medical term for an abnormal decrease of reticulocytes in the body.
rheumatic fever - An inflammatory disease that may develop after an infection with Streptococcus bacteria (such as strep throat or scarlet fever).
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - A long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues.
rickets - A disorder caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate
RNA virus - A virus that has RNA (ribonucleic acid) as its genetic material.
Romberg's sign - Swaying of the body or falling when the eyes are closed while standing with the feet close together; observed in tabes dorsalis.
rubeola/ measles - A very contagious (easily spread) illness caused by a virus.
salmonella - A rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacteria
sarcoidosis/ sarcoid - A disease in which inflammation occurs in the lymph nodes, lungs, liver, eyes, skin, or other tissues.
sarcoma - A cancer that arises from transformed cells of mesenchymal origin
scarlet fever - A disease caused by infection with the group A Streptococcus bacteria
scleroderma - A connective tissue disease that involves changes in the skin, blood vessels, muscles, and internal organs
sebaceous - of, relating to, or being fatty material
seborrheic - Of, relating to, or affected by seborrhea.
senile - Having or showing the weaknesses or diseases of old age
sepsis - An illness in which the body has a severe response to bacteria or other germs.
serous - Thin and watery, like serum
serpiginous - creeping
serpiginous ulcer - An ulcer extending on one side while healing at the opposite edge, forming an undulating margin.
sickle cell anemia - A disease passed down through families in which red blood cells form an abnormal sickle or crescent shape
sickle cell anemia - A disease passed down through families in which red blood cells form an abnormal sickle or crescent shape
Sjögren's syndrome - A disease that causes dryness in the mouth and eyes.
sphincter - A circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning.
spina bifida - A developmental congenital disorder caused by the incomplete closing of the embryonic neural tube.
spleen - The spleen is an organ in the upper far left part of the abdomen, to the left of the stomach, which acts primarily as a blood filter.
splenomegaly - An enlargement of the spleen
spondylitis - An inflammation of the vertebra
spondylosis - Degenerative spinal changes due to osteoarthritis
staphylococcus - A gram-positive bacteria
stenosis - An abnormal narrowing or contraction of a duct or canal.
streptococcus - A gram-positive bacteria
sunstroke - A condition caused by excessive exposure to the sun, marked by high skin temperature, convulsions, and coma.
syncope - A faint; temporary loss of consciousness due to generalized cerebral ischemia
synovial - Pertaining to, consisting of, or secreting synovia, the lubricating fluid of the joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths.
telangiectasia - Permanent dilation of preexisting small blood vessels, creating focal red lesion s.
thrombopenic anemia - A relative decrease of platelets in blood
thyroiditis - Inflammation of the thyroid gland
tinnitus - Hearing ringing, buzzing, or other sounds without an external cause
toxicity - The quality of being poisonous
tremor - An involuntary trembling or quivering.
triad - A collection of three things or symptoms having something in common.
trichomonas - A genus of anaerobic protists that are parasites of vertebrates
trigeminal nerve - The trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve, also called the fifth nerve, or simply CNV or CN5) is a nerve responsible for sensation in the face and certain motor functions such as biting, chewing, and swallowing. It is the largest of the cranial nerves
vaccination - The administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate the immune system of an individual to develop adaptive immunity to a disease.
vasomotor - Relating to the nerves and muscles that cause blood vessels to constrict or dilate.
verruca - Common wart
Verstraeten bruit - An abnormal sound heard in auscultation over the lower border of the liver in cachectic (relating to general weakness) patients.
vertigo - A loss of balance or spinning feeling
visceral - Of or relating to the viscera (organs inside the body).
vomiting, vomitus - Emesis/throwing up
von Willebrand's disease (vWD) - The most common hereditary coagulation
whooping cough/pertussis - A highly contagious bacterial disease that causes uncontrollable, violent coughing
xanthoma - A skin condition in which certain fats build up under the surface of the skin.
xerosis - An abnormal dryness of the skin or mucus membranes
zygomycosis - An infection caused by fungi in the orders Mucorales and Entomophthorales
achondroplasia - A disorder of bone growth that causes the most common type of dwarfism.
acidosis - A condition in which there is too much acid in the body fluids
acoustic neuroma - A slow-growing tumor of the nerve that connects the ear to the brain.
acute monocytic leukemia (AML) - Leukemia that affects only the white cells that are monocytes
acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) - A form of myeloid leukemia affecting myeloblasts
acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) -Life-threatening disease in which the cells that normally develop into neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes become cancerous and rapidly replace normal cells in the bone marrow.
Addison's disease - A disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of their hormones
adenine - A purine base that is a component of DNA and RNA
adenitis - An inflammation of a gland or lymph node.
adenoma - A benign tumor
adenopathy - Large or swollen lymph nodes
adrenal cortex - Cortical part of the adrenal gland
adrenal gland - Endocrine glands that sit atop the kidneys.
adrenaline - A hormone produced in high-stress situations
aglutition - Inability to swallow
akathisia - Restless leg syndrome
alcoholism - Alcoholism is when you have signs of physical addiction to alcohol and continues to drink, despite problems with physical health, mental health, and social, family, and job responsibilities.
alkaloid - A group of naturally occurring chemical compounds that contain mostly basic nitrogen atoms
alkalosis - A condition in which the body fluids have excess base
alopecia - Loss of hair from the head or body
Alzheimer's diseaseOne form of dementia that gradually gets worse over time.
amino acid - Amino acids are molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group, and a side-chain that is specific to each amino acid
anaphylactic shock - A widespread and very serious allergic reaction
anaphylaxis - A serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and can be fatal
Anders' diseaseA disease accompanied by painful localized fatty swellings and by various nerve lesions
androgen - The generic term for any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of male characteristics
anemia - A condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells.
angina pectoris - Commonly known as angina, is chest pain due to ischemia (a lack of blood, thus a lack of oxygen supply and waste removal) of the heart muscle, generally due to obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries (the heart's blood vessels).[
angiosarcoma (AS) - An uncommon malignant neoplasms characterized by rapidly proliferating, extensively infiltrating anaplastic cells derived from blood vessels and lining irregular blood-filled spaces.
ankylosing spondylitis - A long-term disease that causes inflammation of the joints between the spinal bones, and the joints between the spine and pelvis
anomaly - A deviation from normal especially of a bodily part
anorexia nervosa - An eating disorder that makes people lose more weight than is considered healthy for their age and height.
antibiotic - A type of drug resistance where a microorganism is able to survive exposure to an antibiotic.
antibody - A large Y-shaped protein produced by B-cells that is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses.
antigen - A substance that evokes the production of one or more antibodies
antihistamine - Antihistamines are medicines that can be used to relieve severe itching and help break this cycle.
antrum - A general term for a cavity or chamber which may have specific meaning in reference to certain organs or sites in the body.
aphasia - An impairment of language ability
aphthous ( Aphthous ulcer) - A canker sore
apnea - A term for suspension of external breathing.
appendicitis - Swelling (inflammation) of the appendix
arthritis - An inflammation of one or more joints
ataxia - A neurological sign consisting of lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements, as in walking
atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) - The most common cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heart beat).
Babinski's reflex - An extension of the great toe, sometimes with fanning of the other toes, in response to stroking of the sole of the foot.
Babinski's sign - An important neurologic examination based upon what the big toe does when the sole of the foot is stimulated.
bacteremia - The presence of bacteria in the blood
bacteriuria - The presence of bacteria in urine not due to contamination from urine sample collection.
bilirubinemia - The presence of excess bilirubin in the blood.
bilirubinuria - An abnormality where conjugated bilirubin is detected in the urine.
biofeedback - The process of becoming aware of various physiological functions using instruments that provide information on the activity of those same systems, with a goal of being able to manipulate them at will
blastomycosis - A rare infection that may develop when people breathe in (inhale) a fungus called Blastomyces dermatitidis, which is found in wood and soil.
botulism - A rare but serious illness caused by Clostridium botulinum bacteria.
bradykinesia - Slowness of movement and is one of the cardinal manifestations of Parkinson's disease.
bronchiectasis - Destruction and widening of the large airways.
bronchiolitis - Swelling and mucus buildup in the smallest air passages in the lungs (bronchioles), usually due to a viral infection.
bronchitis - An inflammation of the main air passages to the lungs.
bronchopneumonia - A breathing (respiratory) condition in which there is an infection of the lung.
bronchospasm - A bronchial spasm is a sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles.
bruit - The term for the unusual sound that blood makes when it rushes past an obstruction (called turbulent flow) in an artery when the sound is auscultated with the bell portion of a stethoscope.
bulimia - An illness in which a person binges on food or has regular episodes of overeating and feels a loss of control.
bullous - Characterized by blisters or bullae on the skin.
cachexia/ wasting syndrome - Loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight.
cafe` au lait spots - These flat patches on the skin can range in color from beige (coffee with a lot of milk) to light brown (coffee with a touch of milk).
calculus - A concretion formed in any part of the body
campylobacter ('twisted bacteria') - A genus of bacteria that are Gram-negative, spiral, and microaerophilic.
candida - A genus of yeasts
candidiasis/thrush - A fungal infection (mycosis) of any of the Candida species (all yeasts), of which Candida albicans is the most common
carcinogen -
Any substance, radionuclide, or radiation that is an agent directly involved in causing cancer
carcinoid - A group of symptoms associated with carcinoid tumors -- tumors of the small intestine, colon, appendix, and bronchial tubes in the lungs.
carcinoma/cancer - The uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body
cellulitis - A common skin infection caused by bacteria
cephalalgia - Headache, pain in the region of the head or neck
cheilitis - A medical condition involving inflammation of the lip
cheilosis - A disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth; caused by a deficiency of riboflavin
chemotherapy - The treatment of cancer with an antineoplastic drug or with a combination of such drugs into a standardized treatment regimen
chickenpox - A viral infection in which a person develops extremely itchy blisters all over the body.
chlamydia - Sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis
cholecystectomy - The surgical removal of the gallbladder
cholecystitis - An inflammation of the gallbladder
cholera - An infection of the small intestine that causes a large amount of watery diarrhea.
chromosome - An organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells.
cirrhosis - Scarring of the liver and poor liver function
claudication/limping - A medical term usually referring to impairment in walking, or pain, discomfort or tiredness in the legs that occurs during walking and is relieved by rest
coccidioidomycosis/ valley fever - A fungal disease caused by Coccidioides immitis or C. posadasii.
colic - A condition in which an otherwise healthy baby cries or displays symptoms of distress (cramping, moaning, etc.) frequently and for extended periods, without any discernible reason.
colitis - Swelling (inflammation) of the large intestine (colon).
condyloma acuminata - Genital warts
cor pulmonale - A failure of the right side of the heart brought on by long-term high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries and right ventricle of the heart.
corpus luteum - Left of the follicle after a woman ovulates.
Crohn's disease - A form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
cryosurgery/ cryotherapy - The application of extreme cold to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue.
cushingoid - An adjective used to suggest that a person has the symptoms of Cushing's disease.
Cushing's disease - A condition in which the pituitary gland releases too much adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
degenerative arthritis/osteoarthritis - A joint disease caused by cartilage loss in a joint.
dehydration -Dehydration means your body does not have as much water and fluids as it should.
dementia - A loss of brain function that occurs with certain diseases
dermatofibroma - A benign skin growths, found especially on the legs.
detoxification - The physiological or medicinal removal of toxic substances from a living organism
differentiated -
The process by which cells become progressively more specialized
digestion - The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller components that are more easily absorbed into a blood stream
diphtheria - An acute infectious disease caused by the bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
diuresis - Urine production, as an aspect of fluid balance
diverticulitis - Small, bulging sacs or pouches of the inner lining of the intestine (diverticulosis) that become inflamed or infected
diverticulum - An outpouching of a hollow (or a fluid-filled) structure in the body.
duodenal ulcer/peptic ulcer - The lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine, an area called the duodenum
duodenitis - An inflammation of the duodenum
dyspareunia - Painful sexual intercourse, due to medical or psychological causes.
dyspepsia - Upset stomach or indigestion
dysphagia - Difficulty in swallowing
dyspnea - Shortness of breath (SOB)
eczema/ atopic dermatitis - A long-term (chronic) skin disorder that involves scaly and itchy rashes.
edema - Swelling caused by fluid in your body's tissues.
effusion - The escape of a fluid from anatomical vessels by rupture or exudation
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) - A group of inherited connective tissue disorders, caused by a defect in the synthesis of collagen
electrocautery - An apparatus for surgical dissection and hemostasis, using heat generated by a high-voltage, high-frequency alternating current passed through an electrode.
electrolytes - Any substance containing free ions that make the substance electrically conductive
emboli - plural of embolism
embolism - An obstruction in a blood vessel due to a blood clot or other foreign matter that gets stuck while traveling through the bloodstream.
embolus - A mass, such as an air bubble, detached blood clot, or foreign body, that travels in the bloodstream and lodges in a blood vessel, thus serving to obstruct or occlude such a vessel.
emesis - The act or process of vomiting.
encapsulated - Enclosed by a protective coating or membrane
encephalitis - An inflammation of the brain
encephalopathy - Any degenerative disease of the brain, often associated with toxic conditions
endarterectomySurgical excision of the inner lining of an artery that is clogged with atherosclerotic buildup.
endarteritis - Inflammation of the inner lining of an artery.
endoscopy - An instrument for examining visually the interior of a bodily canal or a hollow organ such as the colon, bladder, or stomach.
epidermal - Of or relating to a cuticle or cuticula
epidermis - The outer, protective, nonvascular layer of the skin of vertebrates, covering the dermis.
epididymis - A long, narrow, convoluted tube, part of the spermatic duct system, that lies on the posterior aspect of each testicle, connecting it to the vas deferens.
epididymitis - Inflammation of the epididymis, one of the common results of gonorrhea.
epigastric - The upper middle region of the abdomen.
epistaxis - A nosebleed.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)/ human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4) - A virus of the herpes family and is one of the most common viruses in humans. It is best known as the cause of infectious mononucleosis
erythema - Redness of the skin
erythema annulare - A descriptive term for a skin lesion
erythema multiforme - A skin condition of unknown cause
erythema nodosum - An inflammation of the fat cells under the skin
erythematous - Redness of the skin caused by dilatation and congestion of the capillaries, often a sign of inflammation or infection.
eschar - Piece of dead tissue that is cast off from the surface of the skin, particularly after a burn injury, but also seen in gangrene, ulcer, fungal infections, necrotizing spider bite wounds, and exposure to cutaneous anthrax.
euthyroid - The state of having normal thyroid gland function
exanthem - A widespread rash usually occurring in children.
facies - Distinctive facial expressions associated with specific medical conditions.
familial - Tending to occur in more members of a family than expected by chance alone
fasciitis - An inflammation of the fascia
fever - A medical condition with high temperature
folliculitis - An inflammation of one or more hair follicles
foot and mouth disease/ hoof-and-mouth disease - A high fever caused by virus for two or three days, followed by blisters inside the mouth and on the feet that may rupture and cause lameness.
gallbladder - A small organ that aids mainly in fat digestion and concentrates bile produced by the liver
gallstones - Hard, pebble-like deposits that form inside the gallbladder
Gardnerella - The most common bacterial vaginal infections to afflict women of child-bearing age,
gastrointestinal - The structures from the mouth to the anus
Gilbert's diseaseThe most common hereditary cause of increased bilirubin
goiter - A swelling in the thyroid gland
gout - A kind of arthritis that occurs when uric acid builds up in blood and causes joint inflammation
Graves' disease - An autoimmune disease where the thyroid is overactive, producing an excessive amount of thyroid hormones
haemophilus - A genus of Gram-negative, pleomorphic, coccobacilli bacteria.
Hashimoto's disease/ chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis - An autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland is attacked by a variety of cell- and antibody-mediated immune processes
hemangiosarcoma - A rare, rapidly growing, highly invasive variety of cancer
hematoma - A localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels, usually in liquid form within the tissue
heme - blood
Hemoccult test - A qualitative test for hidden blood in the stool, based upon detecting the peroxidase activity of hemoglobin.
hemophilia - A group of bleeding disorders in which it takes a long time for the blood to clot.
hemostasis - A process which causes bleeding to stop
hepatitis - Swelling and inflammation of the liver
herpes - A type of virus
hilar - The scar on a seed, such as a bean, indicating the point of attachment to the funiculus
HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus
Hodgkin's disease, lymphoma - A cancer of lymph tissue found in the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, and other sites
Homans' sign - A sign of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
hydrocephalus - A buildup of fluid inside the skull that leads to brain swelling.
hydrophobia - An abnormal fear of water
hypercholesterolemia - A condition characterized by very high levels of cholesterol in the blood.
hyperemia - The increase of blood flow to different tissues in the body
hyperglobulinemia - A condition characterized by abnormally large amounts of globulins in the blood.
hyperhidrosis - A medical condition in which a person sweats excessively and unpredictably.
hyperimmunoglobulinemia - Abnormally high levels of immunoglobulins in the serum.
hyperkalemia - Higher-than-normal levels of potassium in the blood.
hyperkeratosis - Thickening of the stratum corneum, often associated with a qualitative abnormality of the keratin
hyperkinesia/ hyperkinesis - An increase in muscular activity that can result in excessive abnormal movements, excessive normal movements, or a combination of both
hyperplasia - Increase in number of cells
hyperpnea - An increased depth of breathing when required to meet metabolic demand of body tissues
Icteric - Affected by jaundice
Icterus - Jaundice
impetigo - An infectious disease affecting the skin
In vitro - In an artificial environment outside the living organism
infectious - Able to spread from person to person
intertrigo - An inflammation (rash) of the body folds (adjacent areas of skin).
intravenous - Into a vein
invasive - Requiring the entry of a needle
ionizing - The process of converting an atom or molecule into an ion by adding or removing charged particles such as electrons or ions
iritis/ uveitis - Swelling and irritation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye.
jaundice - Skin condition turning skin and eyes yellow
jejunoileitis - An inflammation of the jejunum and the ileum
Kaposi's sarcoma - A cancerous tumor of the connective tissue, and is often associated with AIDS.
Kerning's sign - In meningitis, inability to completely extend the leg when sitting or lying with the thigh flexed upon the abdomen; when in dorsal decubitus position, the leg can be easily and completely extended.
klebsiella - A genus of non-motile, Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, rod-shaped bacteria with a prominent polysaccharide-based capsule
kyphosis - A curving of the spine that causes a bowing or rounding of the back, which leads to a hunchback or slouching posture
lactase - An intestinal enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose
lactobacillus - Bacterium producing lactic acid
leukemia - A type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells called "blasts".
leukocytosis - A condition characterized by an elevated number of white cells in the blood.
leukoplakia - Patches on the tongue, in the mouth, or on the inside of the cheek that occur in response to long-term irritation
lupus - A long-term autoimmune disorder that may affect the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs
lyme disease - A bacterial infection spread through the bite of the blacklegged tick
lymphadenia - Hypertrophy of lymph nodes.
lymphoma - Any neoplastic disorder of lymphoid tissue
macrocytosis - The presence of unusually large numbers of macrocytes in the blood
malaise - A vague feeling of discomfort
mammary - Pertaining to the mammary gland, or breast.
mastoid - breast-shaped.
meningitis - An inflammation of the meninges
meningococcal - Bacterium causing meningitis
metaplasia - The transformation of one type of one mature differentiated cell type into another mature differentiated cell type
microcythemia - The presence of abnormally small red blood cells in the blood
microcytic anemia - A generic term for any type of anemia characterized by small red blood cells.
microlithiasis - The formation of minute concretions in an organ.
molluscum contagiosum - A viral skin infection that causes raised, pearl-like papules or nodules on the skin.
mononuclear - Having only one nucleus
morbidity - The rate of incidence of a disease
morbilliform - A rash that looks like measles
mucosa - Moist tissue that lines certain parts of the inside of your body, including your nose, mouth
myelitis - A disease involving inflammation of the spinal cord, which disrupts central nervous system functions linking the brain and limbs
myelocytoma - A malignant tumor formed by the cells of the bone marrow
myringitis - An inflammation of tympanic membrane
myxomatosis - A disease that affects rabbits and is caused by the Myxoma virus
necrosis - The premature death of cells in living tissue
neoplasm - A tumor
nephritis - An inflammation of the nephrons in the kidneys
nephrocarcinoma - Renal cell cancer
neuroma - A growth or tumor of nerve tissue
osteoma - A new piece of bone usually growing on another piece of bone
pallor - A pale color which can be caused by illness, emotional shock or stress, stimulant use, or anemia.
pancreatic - Relating to or involving the pancreas.
pannus - A medical term for an abnormal layer of fibrovascular tissue or granulation tissue.
Pap smear (Papanicolaou smear) - A screening test used to detect potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the endocervical canal (transformation zone) of the female reproductive system.
papillary - resembling a papilla, or nipple.
papilledema - An optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure.
parathyroid gland - Small endocrine glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) - Attacks of severe shortness of breath and coughing
peripheral - away from the center
photocoagulation - The coagulation (clotting) of tissue using a laser which produces light in the visible green wavelength that is selectively absorbed by hemoglobin
pityriasis rosea - A common type of skin rash seen in young adults.
platelet/ thrombocytes - Small piece of a cell in your blood that helps it to clot
pleuritic - Pertaining to a condition of pleurisy (an inflammation of the membrane that surrounds and protects the lungs)
Plummer's disease/ toxic nodular goiter - A form of toxic goiter that leads to hyperthyroidism
pneumonia - A breathing (respiratory) condition in which there is an infection of the lung.
pneumothorax/collapsed lungs - The collection of air in the space around the lungs.
polydysplasia - Abnormal development in several types of tissue
polyphagia - excessive hunger, increased appetite
polypus - Small lump growing inside hollow organs
proctitis - An inflammation of the rectum that causes discomfort, bleeding, and occasionally, a discharge of mucus or pus
progestin - Oral contraceptives are used to prevent pregnancy
prostaglandin - Any member of a group of lipid compounds that are derived enzymatically from fatty acids and have important functions in the animal body.
protein - A biochemical compound consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function.
proteinuria - The presence of an excess of serum proteins in the urine
pruritus - An itchiness
pseudomonas - A genus belonging to the family Pseudomonadineae
psoriasis - A medical condition that involving red and dry skin
psoriatic arthritis - A type of arthritis that often occurs with psoriasis of the skin.
psychogenic - Having an emotional or psychologic origin
pterygium - A non-cancerous growth of the clear, thin tissue (conjunctiva) that lays over the white part of the eye (sclera).
purpura - The appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure
pyogenic abscess - A pus-filled area in the liver
radiation - A process in which energetic particles or energetic waves travel through a medium or space
radiotherapy/radiation therapy - The treatment of cancer and other diseases with ionizing radiation
Reiter's disease/reactive arthritis - An inflammation in joints after an infection in some other part of the body
reticular - netlike
reticulocytopenia/ aplastic crisis - The medical term for an abnormal decrease of reticulocytes in the body.
rheumatic fever - An inflammatory disease that may develop after an infection with Streptococcus bacteria (such as strep throat or scarlet fever).
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - A long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues.
rickets - A disorder caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate
RNA virus - A virus that has RNA (ribonucleic acid) as its genetic material.
Romberg's sign - Swaying of the body or falling when the eyes are closed while standing with the feet close together; observed in tabes dorsalis.
rubeola/ measles - A very contagious (easily spread) illness caused by a virus.
salmonella - A rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacteria
sarcoidosis/ sarcoid - A disease in which inflammation occurs in the lymph nodes, lungs, liver, eyes, skin, or other tissues.
sarcoma - A cancer that arises from transformed cells of mesenchymal origin
scarlet fever - A disease caused by infection with the group A Streptococcus bacteria
scleroderma - A connective tissue disease that involves changes in the skin, blood vessels, muscles, and internal organs
sebaceous - of, relating to, or being fatty material
seborrheic - Of, relating to, or affected by seborrhea.
senile - Having or showing the weaknesses or diseases of old age
sepsis - An illness in which the body has a severe response to bacteria or other germs.
serous - Thin and watery, like serum
serpiginous - creeping
serpiginous ulcer - An ulcer extending on one side while healing at the opposite edge, forming an undulating margin.
sickle cell anemia - A disease passed down through families in which red blood cells form an abnormal sickle or crescent shape
sickle cell anemia - A disease passed down through families in which red blood cells form an abnormal sickle or crescent shape
Sjögren's syndrome - A disease that causes dryness in the mouth and eyes.
sphincter - A circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning.
spina bifida - A developmental congenital disorder caused by the incomplete closing of the embryonic neural tube.
spleen - The spleen is an organ in the upper far left part of the abdomen, to the left of the stomach, which acts primarily as a blood filter.
splenomegaly - An enlargement of the spleen
spondylitis - An inflammation of the vertebra
spondylosis - Degenerative spinal changes due to osteoarthritis
staphylococcus - A gram-positive bacteria
stenosis - An abnormal narrowing or contraction of a duct or canal.
streptococcus - A gram-positive bacteria
sunstroke - A condition caused by excessive exposure to the sun, marked by high skin temperature, convulsions, and coma.
syncope - A faint; temporary loss of consciousness due to generalized cerebral ischemia
synovial - Pertaining to, consisting of, or secreting synovia, the lubricating fluid of the joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths.
telangiectasia - Permanent dilation of preexisting small blood vessels, creating focal red lesion s.
thrombopenic anemia - A relative decrease of platelets in blood
thyroiditis - Inflammation of the thyroid gland
tinnitus - Hearing ringing, buzzing, or other sounds without an external cause
toxicity - The quality of being poisonous
tremor - An involuntary trembling or quivering.
triad - A collection of three things or symptoms having something in common.
trichomonas - A genus of anaerobic protists that are parasites of vertebrates
trigeminal nerve - The trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve, also called the fifth nerve, or simply CNV or CN5) is a nerve responsible for sensation in the face and certain motor functions such as biting, chewing, and swallowing. It is the largest of the cranial nerves
vaccination - The administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate the immune system of an individual to develop adaptive immunity to a disease.
vasomotor - Relating to the nerves and muscles that cause blood vessels to constrict or dilate.
verruca - Common wart
Verstraeten bruit - An abnormal sound heard in auscultation over the lower border of the liver in cachectic (relating to general weakness) patients.
vertigo - A loss of balance or spinning feeling
visceral - Of or relating to the viscera (organs inside the body).
vomiting, vomitus - Emesis/throwing up
von Willebrand's disease (vWD) - The most common hereditary coagulation
whooping cough/pertussis - A highly contagious bacterial disease that causes uncontrollable, violent coughing
xanthoma - A skin condition in which certain fats build up under the surface of the skin.
xerosis - An abnormal dryness of the skin or mucus membranes
zygomycosis - An infection caused by fungi in the orders Mucorales and Entomophthorales
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